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Anif declaration
The Anif declaration (German: ''Anifer Erklärung''), issued by the king of Bavaria Ludwig III on 12 November 1918 at Anif Palace, Austria,〔(Germany: Bavaria: Heads of State: 1806-1918 ) archontology.org, accessed: 14 June 2008〕 was a declaration in which the monarch relieved all civil servants and military personnel from their oath of loyalty to him. It ended the 738-year rule of the House of Wittelsbach in Bavaria.
==Historical background==
With the imminent collapse of the German Empire at the end of the First World War in November 1918, the Kingdom of Bavaria, like all other states of the Empire, was in a state of transition from monarchy to republic.
Max von Speidel, Minister of War in the Bavarian government, under orders from Kurt Eisner, tried to persuade King Ludwig on 10 November (the day before the Armistice) to issue a declaration in which he would release all officers of the Bavarian Army of their oath. Speidel however arrived at the King's residence at Schloss Wildenwart, near Rosenheim, after Ludwig had already left for Austria.
Ludwig III decided to leave Bavaria temporarily for Austria, and, following an invitation of Ernst Graf von Moy, decided to take up residence at Anif Palace, near Salzburg.〔(burgen.austria.com - Anif ) (in German) accessed: 14 June 2008〕 There, he ordered Otto Ritter von Dandl, the last prime minister of the Kingdom of Bavaria,〔(Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg - Bosls bayrische Biographie - Otto Ritter von Dandl ) (in German) author: Karl Bosl, publisher: Pustet, page 127.〕 to issue a declaration. Dandl demanded an abdication but the King was only willing to issue a statement absolving all officers, soldiers and government officials of the Kingdom of their oath.〔(Verfassungsurkunde für das Königreich Bayern - Titel X. Von der Gewähr der Verfassung - § 3 ) (in German) Bavarian constitution from 26 May 1818, Oath of loyalty for government servant, accessed: 21 June 2008〕 With this, the Anif declaration, Dandl returned to the Bavarian capital, Munich.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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